The grounding and bonding process is important, and it's a fairly broad topic. In HVAC/R, we generally just need to make sure that we properly connect the conductors (wires) provided to the proper connection points in the equipment and occasionally the disconnects. These connection lugs or green screws are rated for grounding so long as […]

The gas laws. We all learned about them in school and promptly forgot all about them. I really think that we need to dig our books out, dust that information off, and work to understand and apply it. Many will say that nitrogen pressure doesn't change with pressure like other gasses. That is false, but […]

Let's take a walk through the startup and commissioning procedure of a conventional or “single” refrigeration condensing unit. We’re going to start with a unit that is fully piped in and has been pressurized for leak and strength testing. For brevity, we are going to assume a basic familiarity with industry standards, company and customer […]