Evaporator temperatures below 32° are common and acceptable in refrigeration; that's why there is a defrost sequence. In a heat pump running in heat mode, it's the same; freezing is a part of the process, and defrost is necessary. In comfort cooling, we can't allow the evaporator to get below 32°, or it will freeze. […]

Before we convert temperature scales, let's take a step back and think about what temperature is in the first place. Temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the random microscopic motions of the constituent microscopic particles, such as electrons, atoms, and molecules. Translation: Temperature is the average “movement energy” of the molecules in […]

Do you remember the first time you used a ratchet? Neither do I, but I DO remember the context in which I first used one. In order to understand my story with ratchets, I need to introduce you to my grandpa, Don, the man who I have always called “Papa.” My grandpa has done so […]